Tica Hook. et Arn. (26 ); Quillaja saponaria Mol. (15 ); Escallonia sp. (13 ); Retanilla trinervia Gill. et Hook. (8 ) Lithrea caustica Hook. et Arn. (23 ); Trevoa quinquenervia Gill. et Hook. (16 ); Baccharis linearis Ruiz et Pav. (9 ); Brassica sp. (eight ) Lithrea caustica Hook. et Arn. (19 ); Raphanus sativus L. (13 ); Galega officinalis L. (13 ); Retanilla trinervia Gill. et Hook. (9 ) Lotus uliginosus Schk. (51 ); Eucryphia cordifolia Cav. (18 ); Teucrium sp. (ten ); Sysimbrium sp. (3 ) Lotus uliginosus Schk. (36 ); Azara sp. (8 ); Aristotelia chilensis Mol. (7 ); Baccharis linearis Ruiz et Pav. (2 ) Lotus uliginosus Schk. (84 ); Proustia pyrifolia DC. (five ); Caldcluvia or Eucryphia (four ); Baccharis linearis Ruiz et Pav. (2 ) Lotus uliginosus Schk. (64 ); Buddleja globosa Hope (11 ); Hypochaeris or Taraxacum (five ); Caldcluvia or Eucryphia (5 ) Lotus uliginosus Schk.1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole structure (85 ); Caldcluvia or Eucryphia (four ); Hypochaeris or Taraxacum (3 ); Amomyrtus luma Mol. (1 ) Lotus uliginosus Schk. (81 ); Caldcluvia or Eucryphia (four ); Proustia pyrifolia DC (2 ); Lotus corniculatus L. (two ) Lotus uliginosus Schk. (39 ); Aextoxicon punctatum Ruiz et Pav. (17 ); Eucalyptus sp. (ten ); Rhamnaceae (6 ). Lotus uliginosus Schk. (61 ); Eucryphia or Caldcluvia (23 ); Luma apiculata (DC.) Burret (5 ); Lotus corniculatus L. (two )southern Chile showed the highest antimicrobial activity (MIC 1.94 and 0.90, respectively). When comparing the MIC for S. mutans and S. sobrinus based on the sample origin we observed for each of them that MIC was lowest with southern propolis (p = 0.011 and p = 0.007, respectively). Furthermore, the statistical analyses showed that propolis from southern Chile (P013 to P020) possess the highest polyphenols contents when compared with other regions of our nation (15.288 ?3.366 vs. 10.567 ?4.764, p = 0.026).DiscussionAmong the methods employed to determine the high quality of propolis would be the botanical identification by microscopicanalysis of pollen grains and fragments of leaves or other debris left by the bees throughout harvesting of plant exudates (Montenegro et al., 2000), and chromatographic tests to confirm the origin of propolis (Burdock, 1998). The palynological floral origin and composition of propolis depends largely on the plant species present in an area (Pe , 2008). Some investigations suggest widespread botanical sources and, consequently, comparable chemical profiles for significant geographical places. A variety of authors have concluded that Populus spp. and its hybrids are the major sources with the propolis made in temperate zones (Europe, North America and non-tropical regions of Asia), and that this sort of propolis is characterized by a predominance of flavonoids and phenolic acid esters (Greenaway et al.127094-57-9 In stock , 1990; Bankova et al.PMID:33494658 , 2000, 2005; Lotti et al., 2010).Propolis and biological activity on cariogenic bacteriaTable two – Total polyphenols contents and antibacterial activity of Chilean propolis against mutans streptococci isolated from human oral cavity. Sample P 001 P 002 P 003 P 004 P 005 P 006 P 007 P 008 P 009 P 010 P 011 P 012 P 013 P 014 P 015 P 016 P 017 P 018 P 019 P 020 Concentration (mg mL-1) ten.7 18.7 11.two 7.five 17.0 three.4 14.5 13.2 8.6 ten.9 7.0 four.1 17.0 15.5 21.4 13.1 13.two 18.1 12.4 11.six S. mutans MIC (mg mL-1) six.67 five.85 3.42 two.45 five.32 2.13 4.52 8.22 two.68 3.41 four.34 2.55 2.66 two.42 3.34 2.05 two.06 2.82 1.94 0.90 S. sobrinus MIC (mg mL-1) 6.67 two.93 three.42 2.45 five.32 2.13 2.26 eight.22 two.68 three.41 4.34 2.55 1.33 1.21 3.34 two.05 1.03 1.41 1.94 0.Table 4 – Q.